I pronomi indiretti: mi, ti, gli, le, ci, vi, gli
I pronomi indiretti: mi, ti, gli, le, ci, vi, gli means “They replace "a + person"; unlike direct pronouns, the participle does not agree”. Indirect pronouns answer 'to whom. Formation: = a + persona — mi/ti/gli(a lui)/le(a lei)/ci/vi/gli(a loro) — il participio NON concorda
They replace "a + person"; unlike direct pronouns, the participle does not agree
A2Formation
= a + persona — mi/ti/gli(a lui)/le(a lei)/ci/vi/gli(a loro) — il participio NON concorda
Explanation
Indirect pronouns answer 'to whom?': mi, ti, gli (to him), le (to her), ci, vi, gli (to them). They are used with verbs like dire, dare, scrivere, telefonare, rispondere, chiedere, regalare — and with piacere. Only the third person differs from the direct series, so the pair to learn is lo/la (direct) versus gli/le (indirect). In modern spoken Italian gli has largely replaced loro for 'to them': gli ho detto tutto rather than the formal ho detto loro tutto. Crucially, and unlike direct pronouns, the participle never agrees: le ho scritto (not *le ho scritta), gli ho parlato.
Examples
Note
The agreement contrast is the whole point: l'ho vista (direct, agrees) versus le ho parlato (indirect, no agreement). Test it by asking whether the verb needs a before the person.
FAQ
I pronomi indiretti: mi, ti, gli, le, ci, vi, gli — what does it mean and how is it used?
They replace "a + person"; unlike direct pronouns, the participle does not agree. Indirect pronouns answer 'to whom?': mi, ti, gli (to him), le (to her), ci, vi, gli (to them). They are used with verbs like dire, dare, scrivere, telefonare, rispondere, chiedere, regalare — and with piacere. Only the third person differs from the direct series, so the pair to learn is lo/la (direct) versus gli/le (indirect). In modern spoken Italian gli has largely replaced loro for 'to them': gli ho detto tutto rather than the formal ho detto loro tutto. Crucially, and unlike direct pronouns, the participle never agrees: le ho scritto (not *le ho scritta), gli ho parlato.
I pronomi indiretti: mi, ti, gli, le, ci, vi, gli — how do you form it?
= a + persona — mi/ti/gli(a lui)/le(a lei)/ci/vi/gli(a loro) — il participio NON concorda
I pronomi indiretti: mi, ti, gli, le, ci, vi, gli — any usage notes?
The agreement contrast is the whole point: l'ho vista (direct, agrees) versus le ho parlato (indirect, no agreement). Test it by asking whether the verb needs a before the person.